In 1996 a Deep Blue calculator won a chess game against the world champion Kasparov. The machine thus independently learns from its mistakes, without being programmed in the traditional way. If the machine fails, the neural path linked to the error is weakened or suppressed, if it’s successful the neural path is strengthened. The idea of the neural networks inspired by our brain is the most significant: structures similar to human interconnected neurons are simulated within a computer. Great progress has been made in this field in recent decades. Computer scientist John McCarthy was the first to talk about artificial intelligence, referring to those machines able to replicate our learning and our cognitive abilities.
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